Endnotes

Endnotes

^{1 Winograd, Terry, ed. Bringing Design to Software. ACM Press, 1996, p. xviii
^{2 Atkins, M.J, "Theories of learning and multimedia applications: An overview," Research Papers in Education (vol. 8, 1993): 251-271.
^{3 Shade, D.D. and J.A.Watson, "Computers in early education: Issues put to rest, theoretical links to sound practice, and the potential contribution of microworlds," Journal of Educational Computing Research (vol. 6, 1990): 375-392.
^{4 Johnston, Chris, "Infants warned off computers," Times Educational Supplement, London (Jun 18, 1999): 7.
^{5 Perry, Bruce, "Interview: Young children and technology," Scholastic Parent and Child (vol 6 no 2, Apr/May 1999): 45.
^{6 Yuji, Hiroki, "Computer games and information-processing skills," Perceptual and Motor Skills (vol 83 no 2, Oct 1996): 643-7.}}}}}7 Trotter, Andrew, "Software for preschoolers makes market inroads," Education Week (December 11, 1996), http://www.edweek.org/ew/1996/15soft.h16
^{8 Clements, D.H. and B.K. Nastasi. "Computers and early childhood education," Advances in School Psychology: Preschool and Early Childhood Treatment Directions, M. Gettinger et al, eds. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1992, p. 187-246.
9 HACH Learning Centers: http://www.hachstuff.com/web/learningcenters.htm

10 The Young Explorer: http://www.youngexplorer.com/

^{11 Lang, Susan S, "Computers put young schoolchildren at risk for posture problems," Human Ecology Forum (vol 27 no 2, Spring 1999): 2.
^{12 Joiner, R. et al. "It is better to point for young children: A comparison of children’s pointing and dragging," Computers in Human Behavior (vol 14 no 3, 1998): 513-529.
^{13 Crook, Charles, "Young children’s skill in using a mouse to control a graphical computer interface," Computers and Education (v.19 n.3, Oct 1992): p.206.
^{14 Crook, p. 206.
^{15 Crook, p. 206.}}}}}16 Winnie-the-Pooh Cool Stuff for Computers: http://www.etoys.com/software/g/product/800/04/23/1.shtml
^{17 KidTRAC Trackball: http://www.tfeinc.com/kidtrac.htm

18 Marsh-Wetherell, Barbara K. "Microspeed releases the KidTRAC trackball," KidTRAC Press Release: http://www.microspeed.com/newsite/mar20_pressrel.html
^{19 Microsoft EasyBall: http://www.tfeinc.com/easyball.htm
^{20 Browder, Seanna, "Mighty mice for teeny hands," Business Week (June 3, 1996): 75.
21 KB Gear SketchBoard: http://www.tfeinc.com/sketchboard.htm
^{22 Little Tykes SkiDoodlehttp://www.etoys.com/software/g/product/800/03/07/1.shtml
^{23 Webchild KidBoard: http://www.webchild.com/kidboard.htm
^{24 LittleFingers keyboard: http://www.etoys.com/software/g/product/800/00/14/1.shtml
^{25 KidDesk Internet Safe: http://www.edmark.com/prod/kdis/
^{26 Winograd, Terry. "Software design and architecture," Bringing Design to Software. ACM Press, 1996, p. 13.
^{27 Mayer, R.E. and R.B. Anderson, "The instructive animation: helping students build connections between words and pictures in multimedia learning," Journal of Educational Psychology (vol 84, 1992): 444-52.
^{28 Rieber, L.P., "Using computer animated graphics in science instruction with children," Journal of Educational Psychology (vol 82, 1990): 135-40.
^{29 Sales, G.C. The effect of written, spoken and animated spoken feedback in computer-based instruction. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, California, April 1992.
^{30 Sales, G.C., B. Tsai and R. McLeod, "The evolution of K-12 instructional software: an analysis of leading microcomputer-based programs from 1981-1988," Journal of Computer-Based Instruction (vol 18, no 2, 1991): 41-47.
^{31 Laurel, Brenda, ed. The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design. Apple Computer, 1990, p. xiii.
^{32 Clements & Nastasi, 1993, p. 61.
^{33 Hohmann, C. Young children and computers. High/Scope Publishers, 1990.
^{34 NAEYC, 1991.
^{35 Norman, Donald. The Design of Everyday Things. Basic Books, 1988, p. 42.
^{36 Norman, p. 140.
^{37 Liddle, David. "Design of the conceptual model," Bringing Design to Software, Terry Winograd, ed. ACM Press, 1996, p. 20
^{38 Norman, p. 57.
^{39 Samaras, Anastasia P., "Children’s computers," Childhood Education (vol 72, no 3, Spring 1996): 133-136.
^{40 Berk, L. and A. Winsler. Scaffolding children’s learning: Vygotsky and early childhood education. Vol. 7 of the NAEYC Research into Practice Series. NAEYC, 1995.
^{41 Rogoff, B. Apprenticeship in thinking: Cognitive development in social context. Oxford University Press, 1990.
^{42 Liddle, p. 20.}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}43 Little Tykes Cozy Coupe mouse: http://www.etoys.com/software/g/product/800/03/05/1.shtml

^{44 Crook, p. 206.}45 Creative Wonders Elmo’s Computer Phone: http://www.etoys.com/software/g/product/800/02/50/1.shtml

^{46 Jones, Tom, "Children and animated computer icons," Journal of Research on Computing in Education (Spring 1990): 300-309.
^{47 Perry, p. 45.}}
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